Babies’ motoric development at the age of 0-3 months is characterised by adaptation to the world outside the uterus. Reactivity is still uncoordinated, but the baby learns quickly, developing basic reflexes and movements.
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Of course, babies’ cognitive skills are limited directly after birth. In the beginning, their main channel of communication is crying, which is accompanied by smiling and gurgling later on. It is also very typical for newborns to sleep the majority of day.
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The supply of sufficient energy and relevant nutrients to the baby is critical for healthy growth, especially at the beginning of life. In proportion to their body weight, the energy required for a baby is generally three times higher than that of an adult. In the first months, the average energy requirement of a baby is about 400kcal per day (WHO, 2009). Breast milk offers the best nutritional option for a baby because it is rich in energy and provides a mix of different nutrients. All the nutrients in breast milk are valuable, but two specific nutrients that are particularly important in this developmental stage are long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and vitamin D.
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Generally speaking, at the age of 0-3 months, babies’ motoric development follows the pattern below:
(Bartolotta and Shulman, 2010; UNICEF, n.d.; University of Pittsburgh, 2015)
backAt the age of 0-3 months, babies are able to:
Other common developments related to the mind include that:
(Bartolotta and Shulman, 2010; UNICEF, n.d.; University of Pittsburgh, 2015)
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